PNEUMOCOCCAL IMMUNISATION

Infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is common. Illnesses caused include otitis media, meningitis, septicaemia and pneumonia. Pneumococcal pneumonia is the most common community-acquired pneumonia. Those most at risk of serious or life-threatening infection are children, elderly people, and asplenic and other immunocompromised individuals. Antimicrobial resistance occurs and susceptibility to macrolide antimicrobials, penicillin and cephalosporin can no longer be assumed. Vaccination is offered to:

• Infants as part of the routine childhood immunisation programme
• Adults over 65 years of age
• Children and adults in clinical risk groups (asplenia or dysfunction of the spleen; chronic respiratory, heart, kidney or liver disease; diabetes; immunosuppression [due to disease or treatment]; individuals with cochlear implants; individuals with cerebrospinal fluid leaks.)

For details of primary and reinforcing schedules, consult the Green Book, Chapter 25.

See also Immunisation